studies & publications
ETL GLOBAL international PUBLICATIONS
Legal Due Diligence for Real Estate Purchases in Bulgaria. An Article by ETL GLOBAL Member Vassilev & Partners Law Firm
Legal due diligence is a standard step in property purchases, but the questions it needs to answer depend on the country, the property and the buyer. In this article, ETL GLOBAL Member Vassilev & Partners Law Firm explains how legal review works in the context of...
Spain-China Relations Enter a New Phase – An Article by ETL GLOBAL Member Dezan Shira & Associates
Spain’s closer relationship with China is becoming a key business issue for companies exposed to trade, investment, clean technology, agrifood, and industrial supply chains. Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez’s April 2026 visit to Beijing confirmed stronger political...
Determination of “Arm’s Length” Interest Rates in the Republic of Serbia
The issue of determining the “arm’s length” interest rate in the Republic of Serbia is regulated by the Corporate Income Tax Law and the Transfer Pricing Rulebook. In this context, the Corporate Income Tax Law provides that, in addition to the standard methods, a...
La Dolce Vita, Legally: How to Move to Italy. Legal Pathways and Opportunities to Know when Relocating to Italy
Italy continues to strengthen its position as an attractive destination for investors, internationally mobile individuals, remote workers and high-net-worth families seeking both quality of life and legal certainty. In recent years, the Italian legal framework has...
Exit Tax Rules in Europe: What to Know Before Moving Tax Residence
Moving tax residence or transferring assets across borders can have tax implications that are easy to overlook, especially where a jurisdiction seeks to tax gains that have built up before a taxpayer, be it an individual person or a company, leaves its tax system. For...
EU-Australia Trade Agreement: A Step Towards Closer Business Relations. An article by Sheltons Group Legal
Australia and the European Union have concluded negotiations on a Free Trade Agreement, a proposed treaty designed to make trade and investment between the two regions easier and less costly. Once in force, the agreement is expected to reduce tariffs, improve access...
Transfer Pricing in the Courts: Key International Trends You Shouldn’t Ignore
Transfer pricing is no longer shaped solely by guidelines and local regulations. Increasingly, court decisions across Europe are redefining how tax authorities interpret and challenge intra-group transactions. This is exactly why MDDP has prepared a comprehensive...
VAT in Norway: Key Points for Foreign Businesses by Aider Legal
Norwegian VAT rules can affect foreign companies in ways that are not always clear from the outset, particularly when projects involve a mix of goods, services, or cross-border delivery. In this guide, ETL GLOBAL Member Aider Legal sets out how these rules apply in...
Tax and Accounting Considerations for Companies Operating in Ireland – A Guide by Noone Casey
Foreign companies entering the Irish market face a tax system where local compliance, cash flow timing, and profit extraction require early and informed decisions. ETL GLOBAL Member Noone Casey outlines the key tax and accounting matters affecting Irish operations,...
Employee Benefits in the Czech Republic 2026: Legal and Tax Compliance Guide by ETL GLOBAL Member ARROWS
Employee benefits in the Czech Republic are now subject to closer legal and tax scrutiny. Employers need clear written rules, correct tax treatment, and fair conditions for all employees in order to avoid unnecessary risk. In this article, ETL GLOBAL Member ARROWS...
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